Research, both clinical-epidemiological and experimental on humans and animals, has broadly revealed a tight link between stress and somatic/psychological dysfunctional states. Acute and chronic life stressors, psychological alterations such as anxiety and depression, personality traits such as anger and hostility, as well as the absence of social support have all been shown to interfere with and modulate the onset and progression of a number of disease conditions. Solid evidence shed light on the role of the autonomic nervous system (patho)physiology and its higher neural regulators in stress related pathology and resilience. However, despite a growing number of empirical investigations and accumulating clinical evidence, still several issues remain to be clarified about the actual mechanisms linking stress, symaptho-vagal balance and health risk profiles and features of individual resilience. This workshop will present the newest scientific evidence in the multidisciplinary arena intersecting stress, the autonomic nervous system and psychosomatic conditions, as well as the most promising approaches aimed at accurately measuring autonomic neural modulation and fostering stress resilience through vagal nourishment.